CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY
Psychosocial means pertaining to the influence of social factors on an individual's mind or behavior and to be interrelation of behavioral and social factors. Psychosocial factors in OSH (Occupational Safety and Health) refers only to the factors in the work environment that can cause psychological strain on the workers. Some of the most common psychosocial factors include excessive workloads, conflicting demands and lack of role clarity, lack of involvement in making decisions that affect the worker, lack of influence over the way the job is done, poorly managed organizational change, job insecurity, ineffective communication (EU-OSHA 2023). Work-related demands; These may have a positive or negative experience on the workers, depending on the individual's ability to cope with them, alongside the level of support provided by the organization to help them manage the demands. Job insecurity; Organizational changes and restructuring. All organizations undergo changes but even if it is positive, it can still increase instability and pressure on workers. Relationships at work; Work can create a feeling of belonging and a social cohesion through work relationships. If it breaks down, it can lead to psychological health issues. Relationships at work can be affected by a lack of social support or interpersonal conflict. Work-related violence or trauma; These could arise from violence by third parties such as clients, colleagues, and employers. From a finding in a company in Germany, the study results large deficiencies in the implementation of psychological risk assessments, especially for small companies. Findings suggest that enhancing companies' utilization of professional OSH experts and strengthening the advisory and control capacities of the OSH inspection authorities in the area of psychological risks would be beneficial for improving the current situation. (International archives of occupational and environmental health 92, 435-451, 2019).
1.2 AIM OF THE STUDY
The aim of the study is to determine the psychological factors in occupational safety.
1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
To enhance the mental and emotional well-being of employees.
To foster a positive society culture by promoting open communication, trust, and a shared commitment to safety among workers.
To reduce psychological risks.
To improve overall job satisfaction.
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